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New L&C Law Scholarship: Legal Studies Research Paper Series Vol. 6, No. 1

February 15th, 2012

The latest Lewis & Clark Law School Legal Studies Research Paper Series has now been posted. The series, part of the SSRN Legal Scholarship Network, presents papers accepted for publication and working papers of the Lewis & Clark Law School faculty.

Volume 6, Number 1 of the Lewis & Clark Law School Legal Studies Research Paper Series contains these articles. Follow the links to view abstracts and download the full-text articles:

Subscribe to receive announcements of all new papers in the Lewis & Clark Law School Legal Studies Research Paper Series.

New L&C Law Scholarship is a regular feature of BoleyBlogs! Here we announce new content from the Law Reviews of Lewis & Clark Law School, along with the latest publishing ventures of our own faculty, students and staff.


New L&C Law Scholarship: Animal Law Volume 17, Issue 2

October 3rd, 2011

The latest issue of Lewis & Clark Law School’s Animal Law is now out.

Here are the articles published in Volume 17, Issue 2 of Animal Law, complete with links to the abstracts:

Articles

Comments

BIBLIOGRAPHY

New L&C Law Scholarship is a regular feature of BoleyBlogs! Here we announce new content from the Law Reviews of Lewis & Clark Law School, along with the latest publishing ventures of our own faculty, students and staff.


New L&C Law Scholarship: THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT v. THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

October 3rd, 2011

Ed Newcomer, Marie Palladini & Leah Jones, THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT v. THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE: HOW THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DERAILED CRIMINAL PROSECUTIONS UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT, 17 Animal Law 251 (2011)

Historically, in prosecutions under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), to prove the element “knowingly” the government only had to prove that a defendant intentionally killed an animal that turned out to be endangered or threatened, not that the defendant knew the identity of the species or the endangered or threatened status of the animal when it was killed. Jury instructions to this effect were repeatedly upheld. Then, in a brief filed with the U.S. Supreme Court for McKittrick v. U.S, the federal government, unprompted, unnecessarily, and without explanation, said that it would not use this jury instruction in the future because the instruction did not properly explain “knowingly.” The U.S. Department of Justice subsequently issued a directive to its attorneys to that same effect. Now, there is a self-imposed rule in ESA prosecutions requiring prosecutors to prove that a defendant knew the animal was endangered or threatened at the time it was “taken” or killed. This Article discusses ways in which this change conflicts with the established law and its impact on ESA prosecutions.

(abstract from Animal Law)


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New L&C Law Scholarship: HUMAN DRAMA, ANIMAL TRIALS

October 3rd, 2011

Katie Sykes, HUMAN DRAMA, ANIMAL TRIALS: WHAT THE MEDIEVAL ANIMAL TRIALS CAN TEACH US ABOUT JUSTICE FOR ANIMALS, 17 Animal Law 273 (2011)

The legal system generally does little to protect animals, and one aspect of its inadequacy is a matter of formal structure: under United States and Canadian law, animals are not legal “persons” with an independent right to the protections of the legal system. There are calls to expand the status of animals in the law by providing them with legal standing, the right to be represented by a lawyer, and other formal protections. But, in a way, some of this has happened before. There is a long history, primarily from the medieval and early modern periods, of animals being tried for offenses such as attacking humans and destroying crops. These animals were formally prosecuted in elaborate trials that included counsel to represent their interests. The history of the animal trials demonstrates how, in a human-created legal system, legal “rights” for animals can be used for human purposes that have little to do with the interests of the animals. This history shows us that formal legal rights for animals are only tools, rather than an end in themselves, and highlights the importance not just of expanding formal protections, but of putting them to work with empathy, in a way that strives (despite the inevitable limitations of a human justice system in this respect) to incorporate the animals’ own interests and own point of view.

(abstract from Animal Law)


New L&C Law Scholarship: ANIMAL VIOLENCE COURT

October 3rd, 2011

Debra L. Muller-Harris, ANIMAL VIOLENCE COURT: A THERAPEUTIC JURISPRUDENCE-BASED PROBLEM-SOLVING COURT FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANIMAL CRUELTY CASES INVOLVING JUVENILE OFFENDERS AND ANIMAL HOARDERS, 17 Animal Law 313 (2011)

Cases involving cruelty to animals are currently handled by the traditional criminal courts. These courts, however, are not effective at punishing animal abusers or protecting animal victims. Although all states have laws criminalizing various forms of animal cruelty, the reality is that most cruelty cases are not prosecuted; even when cruelty cases are successfully prosecuted, punishments are weak. This Comment proposes the creation of an Animal Violence Court, using juvenile animal abusers and adult hoarders as ideal candidates for a pilot animal cruelty justice system. The Animal Violence Court will provide for the ongoing safety and care of animal victims, will work to rehabilitate offenders, and will require long-term monitoring of offenders by the court. Modeled after similar problem-solving courts, the Animal Violence Court will improve upon the current criminal justice system, rehabilitate offenders, and protect innocent animals, sending a clear message that animal abuse will not be tolerated.

(abstract from Animal Law)


New L&C Law Scholarship: 2010 LEGISLATIVE REVIEW

October 3rd, 2011

Jennifer O?Brien, Jenny Keatinge & Richard Myers, Authors, , 17 Animal Law 415 (2011)


New L&C Law Scholarship: WELFARE IMPROVEMENTS FOR ORGANIC ANIMALS

October 3rd, 2011

Aurora Paulsen, WELFARE IMPROVEMENTS FOR ORGANIC ANIMALS: CLOSING LOOPHOLES IN THE REGULATION OF ORGANIC ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, 17 Animal Law 337 (2011)

For many consumers, farm animal welfare matters. To ensure the well-being of farm animals, consumers often pay premium prices for animal products with humane labels. Because “organic” is an example of a label presumed to convey information about animal husbandry practices, animal products with this label may offer an alternative to products from animals that were raised “conventionally” on large, industrialized farms with minimal welfare protections. The Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 and enacting regulations require that organic animals be able to engage in natural behaviors. However, many of the requirements are general and thus result in significant variations in livestock living conditions, confounding consumer expectations of uniform organic production and high standards for organic farm animal welfare. This Comment discusses the background of organic regulations, including issues with their application in the areas of organic dairy and egg production. Next, this Comment analyzes aspects of organic regulations as applied to organic laying hens and organic pigs. Finally, this Comment suggests ways to make organic regulations more quantifiable and thus more enforceable so organic animals are able to engage in natural behaviors.

(abstract from Animal Law)


New L&C Law Scholarship: THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ANIMAL ABUSE AND FAMILY VIOLENCE

October 3rd, 2011

Sharon L. Nelson, THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ANIMAL ABUSE AND FAMILY VIOLENCE: A SELECTED ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY, 17 Animal Law 369 (2011)

This Selected Annotated Bibliography assembles legal and social literature that examines the link between domestic violence and animal abuse. Drawing from an ever-growing body of written works dedicated to the issue, the Bibliography presents the works that are most informative and useful to the legal community. These include case studies, current and proposed legislation, and social services guides that address the occurrence of and response to the animal cruelty-family violence correlation. In doing so, the Bibliography creates a resource that will prove helpful to a variety of legal practitioners, law makers, and professionals within the criminal justice system, and will serve as a tool to promote further understanding of the patterns of abuse that often concurrently victimize both humans and animals.

(abstract from Animal Law)


New L&C Law Scholarship: Environmental Law Review Volume 41, Issue 3

September 30th, 2011

The latest issue of Lewis & Clark Law School’s Environmental Law Review is now out.

Here are the articles published in Volume 41, Issue 3 of Environmental Law Review, complete with links to the abstracts and full-text articles:

Articles

2010 Ninth Circuit Environmental Review

Introduction

Case Summaries

Chapters

New L&C Law Scholarship is a regular feature of BoleyBlogs! Here we announce new content from the Law Reviews of Lewis & Clark Law School, along with the latest publishing ventures of our own faculty, students and staff.


New L&C Law Scholarship: Unnatural Foundations

September 30th, 2011

Don Ellinghausen, Jr, Unnatural Foundations: Legal Education’s Ecologically-Dismissive Subtexts, 41 Environmental Law Review 681 (2011)

This Article examines how law school’s philosophical, cultural, and ethical subtexts inhibit students’ development of environmental consciousness. A pedagogical process that rewards no-holds-barred competitive individualism presents an unlikely milieu for fostering understanding of an interconnection-rooted ecological paradigm. Legal education abets contemporary environmental “misunderstandin” through its continuing adherence to an anachronistic, anthropocentric curriculum, which nurtures a historically-discredited and ideologically driven perspective on property, and by condoning an amoral careerism which defines ethics within self-serving professional-as opposed to planetary-parameters.

(abstract from Environmental Law Review)